Africa is under-served by adaptation finance. Africa received USD 7.9 billion of an annual average of USD 46 billion in adaptation finance for 2019 and 2020. There is a large disparity between climate finance pledged, finance approved, and finance disbursed by the multilateral climate funds. As of January 2022, only 9.23% of global climate financing was earmarked for sub-Saharan Africa for adaptation purposes. Almost one third of the Green Climate Fund’s (GCF's) Direct Access Entities (DAEs) are in Africa, but only 11 out of 54 countries have at least one national accredited entity. DAEs are only accredited for projects with budgets below USD 50 million and are therefore limited in their ability to access funding for larger projects.

The Sahel region faces more challenges to achieving sustainable development in the face of poverty, insecurity and climate change than perhaps any other. The region also includes five of the ten poorest nations in the world (Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger). Together these form the G5 Sahel, where more than three quarters of the 86 million people who live there have no access to electricity.

This region also has some of the highest solar energy irradiation and photovoltaic potential in the world, though economic development is constrained in part by the energy supply gap. To take advantage of this opportunity, the Desert to Power G5 Sahel Financing Facility aims to tap this ‘free’ resource by increasing solar power generation and electricity access, while addressing structural challenges in the energy sector.

The Sahel, which lies between the Sahara Desert to the north and tropical savannas to the south, is one of the largest semi-arid/arid sub-regions globally. As such, the region is highly vulnerable to climate change and other uncertainties. The impacts of climate change may have critical socio-economic consequences for the Sahel, including poor agricultural yields, increased frequency of natural disasters. Already, the number of people in the Sahel suffering from chronic food and nutrition insecurity, poverty and vulnerability to the effects of climate change is rising steadily. 

A lasting solution to food and nutrition insecurity in the Sahel requires building resilience to climate change, long-term agricultural sector financing and developing trade and regional integration. Sustained, longer-term investments in household resilience can significantly reduce the cost of emergency assistance, ultimately breaking the cycle of recurring famine. This is the most cost-effective intervention option which meets the basic needs and preserves the dignity of the populations of the Sahel. This idea is central to the Programme to Build Resilience to Food and Nutrition Insecurity in the Sahel (P2RS)

Harnessing the power of technological innovations and digitalization to improve agricultural productivity and strengthen climate resilience has been recognized as one of the potential game changers to address many of pressing climate concerns and rural transformation challenges facing Africa today. 

Digital climate-informed advisory services are tools and platforms that integrate climate information into agricultural decision-making. These services range from digital mobile apps, radio, and online platforms to digitally enabled printed bulletins based on climate models and extension services that utilize climate information platforms. DCAS offers crucial opportunities to build the resilience of small-scale producers in the face of worsening climate change impacts, particularly when bundled with complementary services (such as financing, input supply, market access, insurance).

The target countries of this project (Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, and Sudan) are located in the arid and semi-arid lands, which comprise more than 70% of the Horn of Africa (HOA) region, receive less than 600 mm of annual rainfall and are characterized by recurrent droughts and unpredictable rainfall patterns. 

Despite the region’s considerable range of natural resources, with their huge potential for wealth and progress, the HOA countries are struggling to cope with their worsening ecological circumstances. Droughts are increasing in severity and frequency and their impacts are exacerbated by advancing desertification, land degradation, global warming, and climate change. These circumstances have created chronic vulnerability in the HOA, with persistent food insecurity, widespread economic hardships, conflicts, and migration. The strategic priorities of countries in the HOA are defined by their urgent need to build resilience to environmental and socio-economic shocks, through investing in sustainable development and optimizing the productivity of their resources.

High youth unemployment is a major issue in South Sudan, being a cause and a consequence of fragility, and a source of political and social instability. Achieving and sustaining peace and development therefore requires employment opportunities for youth, who account for 72% of the population. The government is also faced with the challenge of reintegrating into the labour market South Sudan’s 1.6 million internally displaced people, 2.3 million refugees, and former members of armed groups, many of whom are youth. 

However, the government does not have the required capacity; further undermined by the protracted conflict. The magnitude of the support required necessitates a strategic approach to assist priority institutions to drive implementation of the Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan (R-ARCSS). Encouraging entrepreneurial skills and economic empowerment of youth is a key component of this, as well as supporting micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), which make up 92% of all businesses in the country.